Ничего, если есть работа your answer Having a job does not remove liability. Moreover, working without the required documents is itself an offence. Штраф и запрет на въезд в Россию correct Только предупреждение your answer A warning is possible for a first offence and not for every kind. Repeat breaches are treated separately and more harshly. A breach of migration rules brings a fine; repeated breaches bring a ban on entering Russia for three to ten years depending on severity. Separately: being held administratively liable more than once within three years is direct grounds to cancel a residence permit or refuse one. A fine here is not “pay and forget” — it stays on record and counts against you next time.
Право на труд your answer The right to work belongs to foreign nationals too. A permanent residence permit is precisely what allows work without a patent. Право избирать и быть избранным в органы государственной власти correct Право на образование your answer The right to education does not depend on citizenship: both children and adults may study. A permanent residence permit grants almost the full set of rights: to live, to work without a patent, to move freely around the country, to use medical care and education. It does not grant the vote in elections to state bodies. The difference between permanent residence and citizenship lies in that set, not in duration.
Да, каждый выезд оформляется отдельно your answer No separate permission is needed for each trip. A permanent residence permit is a long-term document, and that is the point of it. Да, но только при выезде дольше месяца your answer There is no such rule. The restriction relates not to trip length but to continuous residence outside the country — a different ground, about keeping the status itself. Нет, вид на жительство позволяет свободно выезжать и въезжать correct A permanent residence permit gives the right to leave Russia and return freely: no separate permission is needed for each trip. The status is tied to living in the country, however, and a long unbroken absence can become grounds for cancelling it. Check the exact periods with the migration office — we do not publish them without a source to verify against.
Да, он встаёт на регистрационный учёт по месту жительства correct Нет, вид на жительство освобождает от любого учёта your answer A residence permit changes the type of registration but does not remove it. The state still needs to know where you live. Только если он меняет работу your answer Registration relates to your place of residence, not your employer. Changing jobs does not affect the registration duty. A holder of a permanent residence permit registers at their place of residence — no longer the migration registration by place of stay used with a temporary permit, but a different procedure. The substance is the same: the state must know your address. On moving, registration is done afresh at the new address.
Да, патент нужен всем иностранным гражданам your answer A patent is needed by citizens of visa-free countries who have no temporary or permanent residence permit. Holding one removes the requirement. Нет, вид на жительство сам даёт право работать correct Да, если работа не по специальности your answer The occupational restriction belongs to the patent, not the residence permit. With permanent residence you may change occupation freely. A permanent residence permit gives the right to work in itself: no patent, no occupational limit, no regional tie. That is the main practical difference between permanent residence and a patent, and the reason people climb the steps. For employment you will need your passport, the permit and whatever documents the law requires of the employer.
Государственная власть your answer The Constitution places the person above the state, not the other way round. State power is limited by human rights. Собственность your answer Property is protected by law, but it is not named the supreme value. The provision speaks of the person. Человек, его права и свободы correct The Constitution names the person and their rights and freedoms as the supreme value, and makes recognising, observing and protecting those rights the duty of the state. The practical consequence: a foreign national's rights are protected in court just as a citizen's are, and going to court is both possible and appropriate.
Регистрация в органах записи актов гражданского состояния (ЗАГС) correct Только религиозный обряд your answer A religious ceremony is not registered by the state. Legal consequences — spousal rights, inheritance — arise after registration at the civil registry office. Устная договорённость сторон your answer A verbal agreement is not enough for a marriage. Marriage is a legal fact and is fixed by an entry in the register. The state recognises a marriage registered with the civil registry office. A religious ceremony may matter greatly to a family, but on its own it creates no spousal rights or duties — not for inheritance, joint property or children's documents. For a foreign national this matters especially, since family members' status depends on what the papers record.
Если человек сменил профессию your answer Changing occupation does not affect a permanent residence permit: it is tied neither to an employer nor to a speciality. That is how it differs from a patent. Если при получении были сообщены заведомо ложные сведения correct Если человек переехал в другой регион your answer A permanent residence permit is valid nationwide. Moving requires new registration at the new address but does not cancel the status. The grounds for cancelling a permanent residence permit are listed in law, and the first is giving knowingly false information when obtaining it. Hence the simplest and most valuable rule: put the truth on the papers. A lie surfaces years later, and the whole road travelled — temporary permit, permanent permit and time — goes with it.
Ничем, это два названия одного документа your answer They are different steps with different rights and different exams. First the temporary permit, then permanent residence. ВНЖ даёт гражданство автоматически your answer Citizenship is never granted automatically at any step. It is a separate procedure with its own exam and requirements. ВНЖ бессрочный или долгосрочный и позволяет работать без патента по всей стране correct A temporary residence permit is issued for a fixed period and ties you to a region; a permanent permit is valid nationwide, allows work without a patent and does not restrict occupation. It is the second of three steps — temporary, permanent, citizenship — each with its own exam and thresholds.
Паспорт и документ о своём статусе — вид на жительство или разрешение correct Только справку с работы your answer A letter from your employer does not prove lawful stay. It speaks to employment, not to the right to be in the country. Ничего, документы носить с собой не обязательно your answer Document checks are a lawful procedure and you must produce them. A passport left at home turns a short check into a long one. Carry your passport and the document proving your status — a permanent or temporary residence permit. The set is simpler for a permanent resident than for someone working on a patent, where the passport is joined by the migration card, the registration stub and the patent with its payment receipts.
Нет, решения государственных органов обжалованию не подлежат your answer Everyone in Russia has the right to judicial protection. Decisions of public authorities can be appealed — that is what courts are for. Да, решение можно обжаловать в суде correct Только если он гражданин России your answer The right to judicial protection does not depend on citizenship. It belongs to everyone in the country. A decision cancelling your status, like other decisions of state bodies, can be appealed in court. The right to judicial protection belongs to everyone and does not depend on citizenship. The practical consequence: on receiving a refusal or a cancellation notice, do not simply leave — appeal periods are limited, and the decision itself states them.
Один, он хранится у работодателя your answer One copy must stay with the worker. If it is not handed over, there will be nothing to prove the terms of employment. Три: работнику, работодателю и в налоговую your answer The contract is not filed with the tax office. There are two copies, and the second is yours. Два: по одному у каждой стороны correct An employment contract is made in writing in two copies: one stays with the employer, the other is given to the worker. That second copy is the only thing that will later prove the terms and the pay to a labour inspectorate or a court. Take it on your first day.
Многонациональный народ Российской Федерации correct Правительство your answer The government exercises executive power but is not its source. Under the Constitution the source of power is the people. Отдельные субъекты Федерации your answer The constituent regions are part of the state and hold their own powers, but the Constitution names the people as a whole as the source of authority. The Constitution names the multi-ethnic people of the Russian Federation as the bearer of sovereignty and the sole source of power. The word “multi-ethnic” is not decorative: it means the peoples of the country are equal, and the ban on discrimination by ethnicity, language or religion rests on it.
Если человек находится за пределами России больше шести месяцев в году correct Если человек сменил место работы your answer Changing jobs is not a ground: a residence permit is not tied to a particular employer. Если истёк срок действия паспорта your answer An expired passport is replaced; the residence permit is not cancelled: different documents with different terms. A residence permit is cancelled if the holder spends more than six months in total outside Russia in a calendar year, if they knowingly supply false information, or on other statutory grounds.
Все равны перед законом и судом независимо от пола, расы, национальности и языка correct Права зависят от гражданства во всех случаях your answer Some rights do depend on citizenship (voting, for instance), but equality before the law and the courts is the general rule for everyone. Равенство касается только граждан России your answer Article 19 speaks of everyone’s equality before the law and the courts, not only citizens. Article 19: all are equal before the law and the courts; the state guarantees equality of rights regardless of sex, race, ethnicity, language, origin or attitude to religion.
Трудовую книжку и полный расчёт correct Только справку о доходах your answer A certificate is issued on request, but the work record book and final pay are mandatory on the day of dismissal. Ничего: документы забирают через месяц your answer No such rule exists: delaying the work record book is a violation for which the employer is liable. On the day the contract ends the employer must hand over the work record book (or the record of employment) and settle up in full. Delay is grounds to complain to the labour inspectorate.
Да, ежегодно подаётся уведомление о подтверждении проживания correct Нет, вид на жительство бессрочный и ничего не требует your answer Being open-ended does not remove the annual notification: they are different things, and missing it can cost you the permit. Да, но только при выезде за границу your answer The notification is filed annually regardless of trips; travel affects a different rule — the period of absence. A residence-permit holder files an annual notification confirming residence, stating their address, work and income. Missing it is grounds for cancelling the permit.
Нет: вид на жительство даёт право работать без патента correct Да, патент нужен всем иностранным гражданам your answer A work permit is for those staying temporarily. A residence-permit holder has a different, stronger basis. Да, если работа в другом регионе your answer The regional restriction applies to work permits. A residence permit creates no such limit. A residence permit allows you to work without a patent or work authorisation, in any region. It is one of the main differences from temporary stay — and one of the reasons people seek it.
Устанавливается запрет на въезд в Россию на несколько лет correct Ничего: можно вернуться сразу your answer Removal always carries an entry ban — that is its main consequence, and it lasts years. Аннулируется гражданство страны происхождения your answer Russia cannot strip someone of another country’s citizenship: only their own state decides that. Removal is followed by an entry ban — usually five years, longer if repeated. The ban is checked at the border, and you can find out about it in advance by applying to the Interior Ministry.
Бессрочно correct На 5 лет your answer A five-year residence permit was issued until November 2019. It has been open-ended since; the old rule survives only in outdated articles. На 3 года your answer Three years is the term of the temporary residence permit, not the residence permit. Two different documents, constantly confused. Since 1 November 2019 the residence permit has been open-ended. There are exceptions — for highly qualified specialists and their families it is tied to the work permit. Keep the distinction: a temporary residence permit lasts three years and cannot be extended; a residence permit is open-ended. That is the first thing to know about both.
Ежегодно продлевать документ your answer An open-ended document needs no renewal and cannot be renewed. The notice is not a renewal — the permit itself stays the same. Ежегодно сдавать экзамен заново your answer The exam is taken once, when the document is issued. There is no annual exam for any status. Ежегодно подавать уведомление о подтверждении проживания correct A holder of a residence permit must file an annual notice confirming residence — within two months after each year from the date of issue. Both residence and income are confirmed. Missing the notice is grounds for cancellation, as is spending more than six months in total outside Russia in a year. Open-ended does not mean “forget about it”.
Собственность граждан your answer Property rights are protected by the Constitution, but the highest value it names is the person, not property. Государство и его интересы your answer Article 2 says the opposite: the state exists to protect human rights, not the other way round. Человек, его права и свободы correct Article 2 of the Constitution: “Man, his rights and freedoms are the highest value. Recognising, observing and protecting the rights and freedoms of man and citizen is the duty of the state.” Note the word “man”: most rights in the Constitution belong to everyone, not only to Russian citizens. Exceptions are stated explicitly — only citizens may vote or stand for election.
Только устно your answer A verbal agreement is not an employment contract. If a worker has started, the contract must be put in writing within three working days. В письменной форме, в двух экземплярах correct В любой, по договорённости сторон your answer The form of an employment contract is set by law, and the parties’ agreement does not override it. This is not a “whatever suits us” case. Labour Code, article 67: the contract is made in writing, in two copies, each signed by both parties. One stays with the employee — keep it, it is your evidence in any dispute. Even if no contract was drawn up but you started work with the employer’s knowledge, the contract is deemed concluded and must be put in writing within three working days.
Да, патент нужен всем иностранным гражданам your answer A patent is needed by those who entered visa-free and hold neither a temporary nor a permanent residence permit. Permanent residents are exempt. Да, но только в первый год your answer No such rule exists. The exemption applies from the moment the permit is issued and has no time limit. Нет, вид на жительство даёт право работать без патента correct A residence permit gives the right to work anywhere in Russia without a patent or work permit. That is one of its main advantages over the temporary permit, which ties you to the region of issue. The basis is federal law 115-FZ, article 13(4): permanent residents work on the same footing as Russians.
